The Senate passed the U.S.-India deal on October 1, 86 to 13. On September 26, 2008 the U.S. House of Representatives approved the Bush Administration's U.S.-India Nuclear Deal that undermines three decades of American and international nuclear weapons non-proliferation policy. In the aftermath of India's 1974 nuclear weapons test, secretly carried out under the cover of its civilian nuclear power sector, the world community banned atomic commerce with India. Now, despite India's continued refusal to sign the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, and its intention to persist in making weapons-usable materials in certain of its atomic facilities, nuclear trade with India has reopened.